The figure fell to 1.07 in 2025, one of the lowest levels in the world and well below the “replacement rate” of 2.1 needed to prevent population decline.
demographic crisis
Poland’s population decline accelerated in 2025, with 168,000 more deaths than births
It was the 13th year in a row that more people have died than been born in the country.
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Foreign women account for 6.7% of births in Poland, three times higher than in 2020
The vast majority of those foreign mothers, over 81%, are from Ukraine.
Foreign women responsible for 5.5% of births in Poland last year
The figure doubled compared to 2021 but that was not enough to compensate for a continued overall decline in births.
